Pump anchor



Oct. 3l, 1939. w. H. JACKSON ET A1. 2,177,890

PUMP ANCHOR Filed April 20, 1938 T ym E 5. N, M. M M

FIG. J.

ATTORNEY.

Patented oet. 31, 193e UNITED STATES rum ANcnon William H. Jackson, Los

Kelley, Long Beach, Calif son Manulacturin'g Co., Los corporation ot California Angeles, and Harlin S.

., mignon to Axel- Angeles, Calif., a

Application Api- 11 go, 193s, serial Ne. cosmo s claims. (01.13--11311'` Our invention-relates to oil well pumps and has particular reference to an anchor which may be employed for supporting pumps in wells. In

certain types of pumps employed in oil wells, l the pump structure includes two relatively reciprocating parts, one of which must be stationarily secured near the bottom of the well while the other part is adapted' to be reclprocated relative thereto by means of sucker rods or other suit- 10 able connecting devices. Such pumps are usually inserted into the well through a string of tubing which extendsfrom the ground surface to the point in .the well at which the pump is to be located.

It is necessary thereforev that some anchor structure be employed to detachabiy connect the stationary portion of the pump to the tubing string when it arrives at its desired location, such anchor structure being releasable to pergo mit the withdrawal of the pump `for repairs or for other purposes. The anchor structures employed should hold the stationary portion ofthe pump tightly to prevent movement between the tubing and the stationary element of the pump g when the reciprocating element is operated dur-- ing -normal pumping operations and, in addition, should form a seal to prevent'the pumped iluid from leaking back into the well.

In certain types of oil well pumps, it is the so common practice yto insert the elements of the pump down through a tubing string until the pump is located in the desired position in the well, a suitable anchor structure being provided between the tubing and the stationary element 35 of the pump which would interengage these devices and hold the stationary. element of the pump against movement in the tubing while the reciprocating element of the pump could be rcciprocated for normal pumping operations.

40 Anchor structures employed for this purpose heretofore have included an anchor element having a seat formed thereon to engage in sealing relation with a seat on the stationary element of the pump with other means such as spring 45 lingers or similar devices interengaging the pump and tubing to hold the stationary element of the pump snugly seated upon the anchor seat. A structure of this character is illustrated in United States Letters Patent No. 2,088,971, is-

50 sued to Ernest W. Ostrom et al. on August 3,

However, after a pump has been in operation fora considerable period of time, particularly in instances in which the pump has been required u to be removed from the tubing and to be replaced therein more or less frequently, the seats on `the anchor structure and on the pump may become worn or pitted so that the seats do not make a iluid tight engagement with each other. When .this occurs it is necessary to remove land replace the entire anchor, and seat structures.

It is therefore an object of our invention to provide an anchoring structure which is readily adaptable forpumps of this character and in which the seat and holding members are separable and are separately replaceable.

Another object of our invention is to provide a pump structure in which the stationary element of the pump is provided with a seating sleeve andfa locking sleeve and in which anchoring mechanism is provlded'for the tubing including a seating ring anda locking sleeve adapted to be engaged respectively by the seat sleeve and locking sleeve of the pump, .the locking and seating structure being formed as separate members permitting replacement of the seat structures without requiring replacement of the locking structures and permitting the selectionof materials for the seat structures diierent from the materials used in the-locking structure.

Other objects and advantages of our invention will be apparent from a study of the fcllowing specllcation, read in connection with the accompanying drawing, wherein:

Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view taken through a pump tubing and Aillustrating a pump secured therein by means of anchor devices ,constructed in accordance with our invention;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged detail sectional view taken through the pump tubing and pump structure and illustrating the construction and assembly of the anchor and seat devices;

Fig. 3 is a horizontal sectional view taken along line III- III `of Fig. 2; and

Fig, 4 is a ,detail 'view similar to Fig.. 2 and illustrating the manner in which seat structure lengths after refacing either of the seats.

Referring to the drawing, we have illustrated our invention as applied to an insert type pump |which may comprise a stationary barrel 2 and a reciprocating plunger (not shown) which is f connected to the lower end of a sucker rod string 3, the assembled barrel and plunger structure being lowered by means of the sucker rod string 3 into and through the ilow tubing extending from the ground surface to the desired location within the well, the lower end of the tubing string being provided with an elongated nipple or tubing and locking structures may be spaced to standard I section 4 adapted to house the pump when the pump is in the desired location.

As will be understood by those skilled in this art, provision `must be made within the lower end of the tubing string to engage and hold the stationary portion of the pump anchored in the tubing string so that reciprocation of thesucker rod string 3 will move the plunger relative to the barrel to perform the ordinary pumping operations. Such anchoring mechanism, however, must be capable of releasing the pump barrel whenever it is desired to remove the pump from the well.

The lower end of the tubing string is therefore provided with a shoe 5 which may comprise a short nipple, to the upper end of which is connected a colla-r 8 adapted to be screwed upon the lower end of the tubing string, the shoe 5 being adapted to house a suitable anchor mechanism which includes an anchor sleeve 1 and a tubing seat 8. By referring particularly to Fig. 2, it will be noted that the anchor sleeve 1 may comprise an elongated sleeve preferably formed of suitable resilient metal vhaving a plurality of slots 9 extending longitudinally from one end thereof toward, but not' completely through, the opposite end thereof to provide a plurality of spring fingers II), 'the lower ends of which are preferably inturned slightly and internally beveled.

The stationary portion or barrel 2 of the pump is provided near its upper end with a collar II, into which is screwed a lock body I2, the lock body I2 comprising a short tubular member having an elongated annular recess i3 formed thereon, the lower end of which is beveled as indicated at I4 to comprise locking shoulders adapted to engage below the inturned ends of the spring fingers I0 and when so engaged hold the barrel of the pump against upward movement under` the influence of normal reciprocation movement of the plunger and sucker rods 3.

Referring to Fig. 2, it will be noted that the upper end of the anchor sleeve 1 is provided with a radially extending flange I5 adapted to engage an annular shoulder I6 formed upon the shoe 5, the shoulder I6 being disposed a predetermined distance below the upper end of the shoe 5. The upper surface of the anchor sleeve 1 constitutes a support upon which the lower surface of the tube seat ring8 may rest and against which it may be clamped securely by the lower end of the collar 6.

In other words, the anchor sleeve 1 may be inserted into the shoe 5, the tube seat ring 8 may be inserted in the shoe 5 to rest on top of the anchor sleeve `I, and the entire assembly may bc clamped together by merely screwing down upon the collar 6.

It will be noted at this point that the tube seat ring 8 is reversible, that is, it is provided upon its upper and lower surfaces with angular seating surfaces I1 and I8, respectively, so that by inserting the ring 8 with either of its seating surfaces uppermost, the uppermost seating surface may be effective to constitute a seat for the pump barrel 2.

Mounted upon the lock body I2 is a rod guide 20 constructed as illustrated in Figs. l and 2 with a plurality of openings ZI extending laterally therethrough to'communicate with the internal bore 22 of the pump structure, the lower end of the rod guide 20 extending as indicated at 23 into threaded engagement with the upper end of the lock body I2. The rod guide 20 is provided with an annular shoulder Ztl adapted to engage the upper end of a pumpseat ring 25, the lower edge of the ring 25 being adapted to rest upon the upper end of the lock body I2 so that by screwing the rod guide 20 into the lock body I2, the pump seat ring 25 is securely clamped therebetween. The ring 25 is formed with a beveled seating surface 26 adapted to seat upon and seal against the uppermost seating surface on the tube seat ring 8 so as to provide a liquid-tight seal therebetween.

As Will be understood by those skilled in this art, upon the initial assembly of the pump structure, the tubing structure, together with the anchor sleeve 1, the seating ring 8 and the lock body I2 and seating ring 26, the parts may be constructed of such dimensions that when the spring fingers I0 engage upon the locking shoulders I4 the seating surfaces 26 and I1 will be in liquid-tight sealing engagement with each other and hence during the reciprocating movements of the sucker rods 3 no looseness or lost motion will be permitted between the pump barrel 2 and the tubing string in which the pump is located. However, after some considerable use of the pump, the seating surfaces become scored, scratched or otherwise worn, making it necessary or desirable to reiinish or replace these seats or seating surfaces.

It is preferred that the pump be removed and a new seating ring 25 be provided thereon or the entire pump and tubing structure maybe removed and new seating rings 25 andvB may be substituted for the original rings. By constructing the ring 8 separate from the anchor sleeve 1, it will only be necessary to supply a new seating ring rather than a complete new anchor and seat structure. Likewise, by proving the seating ring 25 separate from the lock body I2 all that is necessary is to employ a new ring 25 without requiring the replacement of the entire lock body and seat upon the pump.

However, it may be preferred to refinish or resurface the seats rather 'than to replace them and it will be apparent that in the refinishing or resurfacing of the seats some of the metal of the seating rings will be removed, allowing the lock body I2 to be disposed at a lower position within the tubing string, particularly disposing the shoulders I4 below the ends of the spring ngers I0 and thus permitting lost motion in a vertical direction between the pump barrel 2 and the tubing string. However, by employing the ring 25 separate from the body I2 and the ring 8 separate from the spring sleeve 1, the lower end 21 of the ring 25 may be machined orf a sufcent amount to compensate for the metal removed during the refinishing process, thus permitting the distance between the shoulders I4 and the upper end of the sleeve 25 to be restored to its original length or if some of the material has been removed from the tube ring 8 during the refinishing process, the amount of material removed from the ring 25 may be added as a shim or spacer between ring 8 and shoulder I5 to restore the normal distance between face 26 and shoulder I4, bringing the shoulders I4 back to a position at which they will be securely engaged by the spring fingers I0 only when the seating rings 25 and 8 are in tight sealing relation with each other.

In Fig. 4 we have illustrated a condition which will exist when' both of the seats 8 and 25 have been refinished, the length of the seat 25 having been diminshed and a spacer 28 added to compensate for the material removed from the rings 8 and 25 during the refinishing process, bringing '15 l both the tubing seat and lock and the pump seat and lock to standard length and thus insuring' that the spring fingers I3 will hold the seats 25 and 8 in tight sealing'relation with each other.

It will therefore be observed that we have provided an anchoring structure for pumps of the character set forth in which, irrespective of wear or refinishing of the anchor seats, suitable adjustment may be readily made in the pump and anchor structure to bring them back to standard length so they will fit each other and be interchangeable with other standard pump units, or a separate anchor and-seat structure may be used with old style single piece lock and seat structures or separate lock and seat structures may be used with old style single piece anchor and seat structures.` Thus the effective life of the anchor, seats- Vand the pump seat ring 25 as separate members permits the selection of the material for each of these members which is best adaptedto fit the characteristics desired of these members. For example, the lock body may be selected of material of high tensile strength while the seating ring may be selected of material most satisfactory for sealing and wearing qualities.

While we have shown and described the preferred embodiment of our invention, we do not desire to be limited to any of the details of construction shown or described herein, except as defined in the appended claims.

1. In a structure for anchoring pumps in tubing in a well, an anchor member supported upon said tubing and having means thereon projecting inwardly of said tubing, a separate tubing seat member on said tubing having a seating surface thereon, means mounting said anchor member and said seat member in said tubing to dispose said seating 'surface and said projecting means in predetermined spaced relation relative to each other, a lock member on said pump having lock means thereon engageable by said projecting means to detachably hold said pump in fixed relation relative to said tubing, a separate pump.

seat member on said pump having a seating surface thereon' adapted to engage the seating surface of said tubing seat, and means mounting said pump seat and lock member on said pump for adjustment relative to each other to dispose the seating surface of the pump seat and the lock means thereof in the same predetermined spaced relation whereby engagement of said projecting means with said lock means will always hold said seating members in seating relation upon each other.

2. In a structure for anchoring pumps in tubing in a well, an anchor member supported upon said tubing and having means thereon projecting inwardly of said tubing, a separate tubing seat member on said tubing having a seating surface thereon, means for clamping said anchor member and said seat member in said tubing to dispose said seating surface and said projecting means in to each other, means on the pump engageable with saidprcjecting means to detachably hold Y adjustably predetermined spaced relation relative said pump in fixed relation relative to said tubing, l

said pump having a seat thereon'adapted to en` gage the seating surface of saidtubing seat, said, pump seat and said engageableV means being disposed in predetermined spaced relation relative to each other whereby said tubing seat and said projecting means maybe adjustably 'spaced from each other to hold saidpump in sealing relation upon said tubing seat.

3. In a structur for anchoring pumps in tubing in a well, an anchor sleeve supported upon said tubing and having a plurality of resilient fingers thereon projecting inwardly of said tubing, a separate tubing seat member having a seating surface thereon, means mounting said anchor sleeve and said seat member in said tubing to dispose said seating surface and said fingers in predetermined spaced relation relative to each other, a lock member on said pump having shoulder means thereon engageable by said fingers to detachably hold said pump in fixed relation relative to said tubing, and a separate pump seat member on said pump having a seating surface thereon adapted to engage the seating surface of said tubing seat when said fingers are engaged with said shoulders.

4. In a structure for anchoring pumps in tubing' in a well, an anchor sleeve supported upon said tubing and having a plurality of resilient fingers thereon projecting downwardly and inwardly of said tubing, a separate tubing seat ring adapted to rest upon said sleeve and having an upwardly directed seating surface formed thereon, means on the pump defining a downwardly directed seating -surface on said pump engageable with said tubing seat, shoulder means on said pump disposed in downwardly spaced relation to ther seating surface on said pump engageable by said fingers when said pump seating surface and said tubing seat surface are in seating relation upon each other, and means for adjusting the spaced relation between the tube seating surface and the fingers to conform with the spacing of .the pump seat and shoulder means.

5. In a structure for anchoring pumps in tubing in a well, an anchor sleeve supported upon said tubing and having a plurality of resilient ngers thereon projecting downwardly and inwardly of said tubing, a separate tubing seat ring adapted to rest upon said sleeve and having a pair of seating surfaces formed thereon at opposite ends of said ring, means on the pump defining a downwardly directed seating surface on said pump engageable with the uppermost seating surface of said tubing ring, shoulder means on said pump disposed in downwardly spaced relation to the seating surface on said pump engageable by said fingers when said pump seating surface and said tubing seat surface are in seating relation upon each other, and means for adjusting the spaced relation between the tube seating surface and the fingers to conform with the spacing of the pump seat and shoulder means.

6. Ina structure for anchoring pumps in tubing in a well, means on said tubing defining anchoring means projecting inwardly of said tubing and an upwardly directed seating surface disposed in spaced relation to said projecting means, a lock member on said pump havingr shoulder means thereon engageable by the projecting means on said tubing to detachably hold said pump in fixed relation relative to said tubing, and a separate pump seat ring having a downwardly directed seating surface thereon disposed in spaced relation to said shoulder means, and means adjustably mounting said seating ring relative to said shoulder means to dispose the seating surface thereof in such relation relative to said shoulder means that when said projecting means and said shoulder means are engaged with each other the seating surfaces will be in sealing relation with each other.

'?. In a structure for anchoring pumps in tubing in a well, an anchor sleeve constructed of resilient material in said tubing and extending longitudinally thereof, said sleeve being split longitudinally along a portion of its length to dene a plurality of resilientngers projecting inwardly of said tubing, a separate tubing seat ring constructed of material adapted to provide a seating surface, means mounting said anchor sleeve and said seating ring in said tubing to dispose said seating ring in spaced relation to said fingers, means on the pump defining a seating surface adapted to be brought into seating relation with the seating surface of said ring, and shoulder means disposed in spaced relation to said pump seating surface to be engaged by said fingers when said pump seating surface and said tubing seat ring are in sealing relation relative to each other.

3. In a structure for anchoring pumps in tubing in a Well, means on said tubing projecting inwardly thereof, means defining an upwardly projecting seating surface, said projecting means and said seat dening means being disposed in said tubing in predetermined spaced relation to each other, a lock member on the pump having f shoulder means thereon engageable by said projecting means to detachably hold said pump in fixed relation relative to said tubing, a rod guide on said pump adjustable longitudinally relative to said lock member, and a pump seat ring separate from said lock member and disposed between said loclr. member and said guide to engage said tubing seat when said shoulder means and said projecting means are engaged with each other whereby movement of said guide relative to said lock member will adjustably dispose said pump seat and said shoulder means in accurate spaced relation conforming to the spacing of said projecting means and said tubing seat.

WILLIAM H. JACKSON. HARLIN S. KELLEY. 

